June 2014

PAPER I

PART A

1. Describe the stages of fracture healing. List the factors influencing the fracture healing. What are the causes of non-union?
2. Define peak bone mass. What factors affect attaining peak bone mass? How does it correlate with osteoporosis?
3. Describe the principles of ultrasonography. Discuss its clinical use in Orthopaedic practice.
4. Write briefly the current presentation and treatment strategies in MRSA infection. Briefly mention about its evaluation.
5. Describe the potential spaces of hand. Discuss clinical features and treatment of deep space infection of hand.

PART B   Write short notes on:

6. Allograft – Definition, types, principles of preparation, advantages and disadvantages.
7. Wallerian degeneration – Definition and pathology.
8. a) Principles of Tendon transfer. b) Tendon transfer for high radial nerve palsy.
9. What is evidence based medicine? Describe the hierarchy of evidence. Discuss the differences in various types of studies.
10. Enumerate the differential diagnosis of a limping child (10 years). Differentiate between a case of septic arthritis with transient synovitis.

PAPER II

PART A

1. Describe the indications of surgery in tuberculosis of spine. Discuss role of instrumented stabilization in TB spine.
2.  Describe the pathology, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of Madelung deformitY.
3. Describe the flexor zones of hand. Outline the treatment of flexor tendon injury (acute and chronic) in zone II.
4.  Discuss pathology, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of L4-L5 intervertebral disc prolapse.
5. Discuss the pathology, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of Pigmented villonodular synovitis.

PART B

6.  Discuss in brief pathology, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of fibrous dysplasia of bone.
7. List the osteotomies around hip. Write briefly about the principles of each osteotomy.
8. Define the recurrent dislocation of patella. Discuss in brief its clinical features, diagnosis and treatment.
9. Define distraction histiogenesis. Discuss the principles of distraction histiogenesis. Enumerate the indications of distraction histiogenesis in Orthopaedic practice.
10. Define Tom Smith’s hip arthritis. Discuss the clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and sequalae.

PAPER III

PART A

1. Classify fracture of acetabulum. Outline treatment of specific fracture patterns.
2. Classify fracture neck and femur in children. Discuss the treatment principles and prognosis.
3. What is whiplash injury of cervical spine? Discuss its clinical features, diagnosis and treatment.
4. Discuss the tension band principles. Describe its clinical use in fracture management.
5. Discuss the pathology, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of acute compartment syndrome.

PART B

6. Discuss the ‘ASIA SCORE”. Classify bladder paralysis in spinal cord injury with salient features.
7. Classify ankle injuries. Discuss in brief the treatment principles of each type.
8. Classify epiphyseal injuries. Describe the treatment principles and complications of each type.
9. Describe the classification used for open fractures. Discuss in brief Ganga score.
10. Discuss the pathology, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment principles of nonunion of fracture scaphoid.

PAPER IV

PART A

1. List the various generations of cementing techniques. Discuss their differences in brief.
2. Differentiate between parosteal and periosteal osteosarcoma in terms of pathology, clinical features, treatment and prognosis.
3. Describe in brief the current state of knowledge of use of stem cells in Orthopaedic practice.
4. Describe principles and clinical use of:                a) PET Scan b) Bone Scan
5. Discuss principles of limb salvage surgery in malignant bone tumour. List the indications and contraindications.

PART B

6. Discuss the surgical steps of:  a) Anterolateral decompression of D5-6 tuberculosis of spine b) Anterolateral exposure of hip.
7. Write short notes on: a) Plagiarism b) Impact factor
8. Describe the pathology of nerve regeneration. Classify nerve injuries.
9. Describe the role of PCL in knee arthroplasty. Discuss the benefits of PCL retention v/s substitution.
10. Name the biomaterials used in Orthopaedics. Discuss their characteristic features.