DECEMBER 2017

PAPER I
Part A

1. a)Define gait.
   b)Outline phases of gait.
   c)Define eccentric & concentric muscle contraction.
   d)Give one example of each contraction in the gait cycle.
2. a)Types of Brachial Plexux injuries around birth,
   b)Mechanism of causation,
   c)Clinical features in a new born &
   d)Management of a neglected/undiagnosed Erb’s palsy in a 3 year old child.
3. a)Level of Syme’s amputation.
   b)Merits & demerits of Syme’s amputation.
   c) Modification of Syme’s amputation.
   d)Prosthetic management after Syme’s amputation.
4. a)Classification of congenital scoliosis.
   b)Treatment guidelines in young children with adequate growth potential.
5. a)What is Virchow’s triad?
   b)Enumerate the risk factors for developing deep vein Thrombosis (DVT).
   c)Prophylactic treatment for DVT.

Part B

6. a)Define cerebral palsy (CP).
   b)Classify cerebral palsy.
   c)Principles of dorsal root rhizotomy in management of static CP.
7. a)Risk factors for developing infections following total hip arthroplasty.
   b)Classification of prosthetic joint infection.
   c)Management protocol of joint infection.
8. a)What is Pes cavus?
   b)Classification of Pes cavus.
   c)Causes of Pes cavus.
   d)Coleman’s block test and its interpretation in Pes cavus.
9. a)Enneking’s staging of benign and malignant bone tumours.
   b)Techniques of biopsy in aggressive (potentially malignant) bone tumours.
10. a)Classify congenital failure of formation of limbs
    b)Papppas classification for congenital femoral deficiency.
    c)Management protocol acccording to Pappas classification.

PAPER II

Part A

1. a)What is tibia vara?
   b)Classify tibia vara.
   c)Conventional management of tibia vara and recent advances in its management.
2. Anterior Interosseous Nerve Syndrome:
   a)Enumerate its etiology and clinical features
   b)What are the diagnostic tests for it?
   c)Its treatment protocol.
3. a)What is impingement syndrome (Shoulder)?
   b)Pathophysiology of Rotator Cuff.
   c)Various imaging modalities for it.
   d)Diagnostic tests (describe any two).
   e)Management outline.
4. a)Enumerate the surgical approaches to reduce & fix pilon fracture.
   b)Enumerate steps of postero-lateral approach
   c)Enumerate its advantages & disadvantages.
5. a)Define spondylolisthesis
   b)Its classification in adults
   c)Clinical features & diagnostic tests
   d)Treatment protocol.

Part B

6. a)Etiopathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis
   b)Common deformities of rheumatoid hand & their mechanism.
   c)Enumerate the various drugs used for the management of rheumatoid arthritis.
7. a)Indications of spinal osteotomy in a young patient of ankylosing spondylitis
   b)Enumerate osteotomy techniques & their principles
   c)Potential complication of spinal osteotomy.
8. Madelung’s deformity:
   a)Classifications
   b)Pathological anatomy
   c)Management protocol
9. a)Methods of closing gaps between nerve ends during nerve repair.
   b)Enumerate expandable nerves.
   c)Donor site morbidity of common donor nerves.
10. a)Steps of posterior approach to hip joint while performing total hip arthroplasty
    b)Potential complications
    c)What are its advantages & disadvantages as compared to anterior approach?

PAPER III

Part A

1. a)Terrible triad in elbow fracture dislocations
   b)Clinical presentation in acute cases
   c)Management outline
   d)Short terms & long terms complications
2. a)What is Flail chest?
   b)Clinical features of flail chest & its diagnostic methods in Emergency room
   c)Acute and definitive management of flail chest.
3. a)Classify tibial condylar fractures
   b)Outline its management principles according to classification.
   c)Potential complications of tibial condylar fractures and their management.
4. a)Classify odontoid fracture.
   b)Mechanism of injury
   c)Clinical features of an acute odontoid fracture
   d)Management of acute odontoid fracture
5. a)Classifiy acromioclavicular joint injuries.
   b)Imaging techniques for its diagnosis.
   c)Management protocol according to classification.

Part B

6. a)Define stress fracture.
   b)Enumerate common sites for stress fracture
   c)Causes of stress fractures
   d)Clinical features, classification and management of stress fracture of femoral neck in young adults.
7. a)Classify proximal radial fractures in children.
   b)Its management principles in fresh fractures.
   c)Management principles in malunited fractures.
8. a)Define amputation
   b)Enumerate the indications for amputation
   c)Discuss any one objective method to decide amputation/limb salvage after traumatic limb injury.
9. a)Effects of polytrauma on respiratory physiology.
   b)What is ‘second hit phenomena’?
   c)Principles of damage control Orthopaedics.
10. a)Discuss wound ballistics briefly.
    b)Pathologic anatomy of ballistic wounds and its management principles.

PAPER IV

Part A

1. a)Define end vertebrae & apical vertebrae in adolescent idiopathic sciliosis (AIS).
   b)Describe two radiological methods to measure the curve in AIS.
   c)Fusionless technique of correction in idiopathic scoliosis.
2. a)Define osteoporosis
   b)Enumerate lab tests & radiological tests to diagnose & prognosticate osteoporosis/
   c)Mechanism of action of Teriparatide in treatment of osteoporosis
   d)Potential complication of Teriparatide.
3. a)Orthopedic manifestations of HIV infections
   b)Universal guidelines for surgeons while operating a patient with proven HIV infection.
4. a)Stulberg classification in Perthes disease
   b)What is hinged abduction?
   c)Management principles/techniques for hinged abduction and coxa magna in healed Perthes disease.
5. a)What are synthetic bioabsorbale materials for orthopedic surgery?
   b)Enumerate their advantages
   c)Enumerate their complication & limitations.

Part B

6. a)Role of posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) in total knee arthroplasty
   b)Benefits of PCL retention prosthesis
   c)Benefits of PCL substitution prosthesis.
7. a)Principles of Gamma Camera
   b)Radioactive substance(s) used in Gamma Camera
   c)Indications & use of Gamma Camera.
8. a)Broad indications for hip arthroscopy
   b)Portal positioning for hip arthroscopy
   c)Potential complications of hip arthroscopy.
9. a)Causes of intoeing of gait
   b)Radiological investigations and their interpretation in intoeing of gait
   c)Its management protocol
10. a)Indications & contraindications of total elbow arthroplasty
    b)What are the complications of total elbow arthroplasty
    c)Changes in design to reduce complications.